Siberian Federal University

Research of structural and functional features of humic acids in the urban soils, peat and lignin is conducted by methods of the element analysis, IK-Fourier-spectroscopy, spectrophotometry. The assessment of possibility of performance of tread functions by them concerning heavy metals is given. Increasing the size of acid molecules occurs in a number of fulvic < Himatomelanic < humic acid. The majority of preparations of humic acids have the same degree of formation of aromatic and aliphatic component and a high degree of oxidation (W = +3,34 ... +10,48). The maximum degree of benzenoid characteristic of humic (a = 42,3) and Himatomelanic acid (a = 43,2) lignin and fulvic acids (a = 43,2) of natural soil. Urban soil, which have a sufficiently low degree of oxidation of humic acids and very high – fulvic, have low tread function in relation to heavy metals. However, lignin and peat contain a humic acid composition with a high benzenoid, oxidation and developed peripheral portion, which indicates the possibility of the barrier function for heavy metals. Therefore, these natural materials can be recommended for use in the making lawns to improve tread function of urban soils