Journal of Siberian Federal University. Biology / Analysis of the Microbiome of Human Lungs and Respiratory System in Lung Disorders: a Review

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Issue
Journal of Siberian Federal University. Biology. 2022 15 (3)
Authors
Buslaev, Vladislav Yu.; Matskova, Lyudmila V.; Minina, Varvara I.; Druzhinin, Vladimir G.
Contact information
Buslaev, Vladislav Yu.: Federal Research Centre of Coal and Coal Chemistry SB RAS Institute of Human Ecology Kemerovo, Russian Federation; ; ORCID: 0000-0001-5566-5323; Matskova, Lyudmila V.: Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad, Russian Federation; ORCID: 0000-0002-3174-1560; Minina, Varvara I.: Federal Research Centre of Coal and Coal Chemistry SB RAS Institute of Human Ecology Kemerovo, Russian Federation; Kemerovo State University Kemerovo, Russian Federation; ORCID: 0000-0003-3485-9123; Druzhinin, Vladimir G.: Kemerovo State University Kemerovo, Russian Federation; 0000-0002-5534-2062
Keywords
metagenomics; 16S rRNA sequencing; metatranscriptomics; RNA‑seq; COPD; lung cancer; cystic fibrosis; asthma
Abstract

The structural stability of the respiratory system and the functional activity of the lungs are influenced by the local microflora. The initiation and the progression of some lung diseases are determined by pathogenic factors produced by the lung microbiota and the dysbiotic conditions in general. Metagenomic studies based on sequencing of the genes for 16S ribosomal RNA have been used to collect direct data on the composition of the lung microbiota. 16S rRNA genes consist of 9 variable regions (V1-V9). By determining highly conservative 16S rRNA regions, bacterial genomes can be assigned to higher-level taxa, while based on information about less conservative regions of these genes, the genera or species of bacteria can be identified. Metatranscriptomics, which is based on estimating the number of copies of transcripts from the pulmonary microbiota, is also rapidly developing. The diversity and redundancy of genes and their variable activity in different conditions are prerequisites for using high-performance technologies such as RNA‑seq and parallel sequencing methods. The metatranscriptomic analysis data significantly complement metagenomics; at the same time, metatranscriptomics is assumed to be more informative in examination of functional interactions between microbiome and host organism. These approaches offer an estimation of the biological activity of different components in the microbiome under normal and pathological conditions. This review summarizes the results of recent metagenomic and metatranscriptomic studies regarding a number of serious diseases of the respiratory system (lung cancer, chronic obstructive lung disease, asthma, and cystic fibrosis)

Pages
396–421
DOI
10.17516/1997-1389-0395
Paper at repository of SibFU
https://elib.sfu-kras.ru/handle/2311/149185

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