Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences / Morphogenetic Connections of the Early Bronze Age Populations from Mongolia from Craniofacial Morphology Perspective

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Issue
Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences. 2024 17 (9)
Authors
Erdene, Myagmar; Solodovnikov, Konstantin N.
Contact information
Erdene, Myagmar: National University of Mongolia Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; Solodovnikov, Konstantin N. : Tyumen Scientific Centre of Siberian Branch RAS Tyumen, Russian Federation;
Keywords
Mongolia; Eurasian Early Bronze Age; craniofacial morphology; Afanasievo culture; Chemurchek cultural phenomenon
Abstract

In this paper, we present the results of the craniometric study of Afanasievo and Chemurchek (Khemtseg or Hemtseg) archaeological cultures from the territory of Mongolia. Male crania of the Afanasievo culture from the central regions of Mongolia are characterized by a proto-European complex of traits of Eastern European origin. Among the groups of the Afanasievo culture of south Siberia, they are most similar morphologically to the series of crania from the transboundary region of the southern Altai. For the first time, we analyzed the craniological materials of the Chemurchek culture from the Early Bronze Age in Western Mongolia. Our study revealed a significant morphological difference between the Chemurchek culture population and the earlier Afanasievo culture population of South Siberia and Central Asia. From an anthropological perspective, the Chemurchek culture population is characterized by Asian features. They share close similarities with the populations from the northern regions of Mongolia during the Neolithic period. Additionally, they also bear resemblance to the populations of Serovo and Glazkovo cultures from the Circumbaikal region during the Neolithic-Bronze Age periods. We have noticed a certain similarity in the physical characteristics of early Bronze Age populations from south Siberia and central Asia. This similarity may indicate a common ancestral background among these populations. The range of physical diversity among ancient populations in Mongolia encompasses the entire spectrum of variation seen in the northern part of Eurasia during the Neolithic and early Bronze Ages, concerning the main ethnic and genetic lineages of humankind

Pages
1652–1665
EDN
SGYIMW
Paper at repository of SibFU
https://elib.sfu-kras.ru/handle/2311/153756

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