Siberian Federal University

The influence of various dispersed fillers (talc, organoclays Cloisite 10A, Cloisite 30B, diatomite NDP-D-400, and wollastonite MB-10–96K) on the vulcanization characteristics of the rubber compound, physico-mechanical, performance and dynamic properties of rubber for rail fastening gaskets was studied. It was shown that equal-weight replacement of kaolin with fillers (except organoclays) results in minor changes in maximum torque and increases in minimum torque and vulcanization onset time. Moreover, the optimal vulcanization time for the rubber compound containing kaolin is greater than its values for the rubber compound variants containing the other fillers studied. It was found that replacing kaolin with organoclays leads to minor increases in tensile strength and tear resistance. Vulcanizates containing all fillers exhibit a decrease in elongation at break compared to the vulcanizate containing kaolin, while their hardness and rebound elasticity are little affected by the nature of the fillers used. The vulcanized rubber containing organoclay Cloisite 30B exhibits the smallest changes in elastic-strength properties and hardness after thermal- oxidative aging in air and exposure to SZhR-1, which is also characterized by minimal changes in mass after exposure to industrial oil I-20A, standard hydrocarbon liquid SZhR-3 and distilled water, as well as improved dynamic properties