Siberian Federal University

Issue

Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences. 2010 3 (3)

Authors

Koptzeva, Natalia P.; Bachova, Natalia A.

Contact information

Koptzeva, Natalia P. : Siberian Federal University , 79 Svobodny, Krasnoyarsk, 660041 Russia , e-mail: ; Bachova, Natalia A. : Siberian Federal University , 79 Svobodny, Krasnoyarsk, 660041 Russia

Keywords

system of culture; regional culture; culture in Krasnoyarsk region; subjects of culture; value orientations; theory and history of culture; methodology of culture; contemporary methods in applied culture studies; association test; social and cultural potential; operation with human capital; value orientations; social culture studies

Abstract

The article is devoted to research on the system of culture in Krasnoyarsk region adequate to the present social reality. The aim of this study is to work out an effective model of operation with human capital, which could allow us to make long-term programs and project a strategy of the development of social and cultural space in the region. The article proposes a review and an analytical research on existing theoretical and methodological approaches to modelling of the system of culture in contemporary Russian and foreign culture studies. There have been studied and correlated specific processes in culture at the level of the world, Russia, and region, namely, the processes of globalization, social mobility, acculturation, cultural distance, national model of the world, regionalization, and cultural context. The structure of culture includes the whole social and anthropological structure of society distinguished by complex and multistage formation in the situation of decay of the post-Soviet cultural space and human need of cultural identification. The regional system of culture appears to be an integrated social and anthropological structure of society geographically limited as a subsystem included in the more extended system of national culture. The aim of cultural policy is defined as an establishment of favorable conditions for viable social and cultural forms and proposition of communicativevaluable foundations of the global «system of society» representing national Russian advantages in the organization of that globalization. In the article, there has been substantiated the selection of subjects of culture as basic elements of the system of culture and bearers of cultural patterns and values. There has been proposed a scientific research on the basic elements of the structure of cultural system of Krasnoyarsk region and essential (fundamental) connections between those elements, which allows us to achieve scientific precognition and strategic control over social and cultural processes in the territory of the region. The grounds apt for the selection of subjects of culture were comprehension of culture as a system of institutions intended for basic and productive human needs to be satisfied in a specific human way (B. Malinowski); then there follows the model of system of culture based on A. Maslow's theory of needs and the principle of stratification. The inefficiency of the traditional system of culture in Krasnoyarsk region can be disclosed on the basis of the national idea of culture existing at present. Regional departmental offices of culture and trends of traditional cultural policy are only the first stage of functioning of the living body of culture as a dynamics of cultural patterns and values borne by «living people» with their social nature. The paper fixes a system crisis of the modern Russian science, videlicet, violent dominance of theoretical comprehension of culture as a specific phenomenon of human being, development of categorical apparatus of science and complete deficiency of fundamental applied studies of culture, and the existence of only fragmentary practical researches including those ones in culture of Krasnoyarsk region. Solving this problem, the article is oriented to realization of contemporary applied methods of culture studies, which give an idea about the system of culture in Krasnoyarsk region and propose a possibility of social engineering and rational control over social and cultural processes at present. Student society has been chosen as a representative field for carrying out of applied culture studies; it allows us to fix actual and real social and cultural processes. Students give a possibility to prognosticate a situation of development of knowledge about «culture» and «system of culture» phenomena for the nearest thirty years at least; there is also a possibility to elaborate adequate models of development of modern Krasnoyarsk region. The key applied methods of the study are an associative experiment carried out according to the approach called «Series of subject associations», a questionnaire survey based on M. Rockich's «Value orientations» methods, and a sociologic interview «The system of culture in Krasnoyarsk region: the main subjects» with the students at Siberian Federal University. The basic model of the system of culture in Krasnoyarsk region is a specific structure of polycultural unity heterogeneous socially and culturally; this structure requires formation of adequate links between its elements: confessions, ethnoses, strata, and other local cultures. The socio-anthropological cultural system of Krasnoyarsk region is to register actual social and cultural processes, needs of different classes of the population (strata and groups differentiated by age, ethnos, religion, and gender), and variety of types of culture in the modern society. It is recommended to take notice of realization of specific features of social and cultural dynamics of postindustrial age, which refuses from cultural barriers in the situation of globalization. In the course of the experiments carried out in culture and interpretation of the obtained results, there has been identified a nearly polar discrepancy between the ideas about the system of culture given in scientific definitions and those ones of real representatives of society. There has been found out a situation known as «reification» of a concept in contemporary science. The article is characterized by the dominance of «etic» methods, implying measuring, testing, objectivization, etc., applied in the study. In prospect, we plan to carry on the research; its methodical component will be a complex of «emic» methods of study, i.e. complete immersion in the field of the problem and cultural experiments carried out not only among the students but also among the population of the city and region. In conclusion, there have been formulated the chief trends of effective management of contemporary basic subjects of culture in Krasnoyarsk region.

Pages

344-381

Paper at repository of SibFU

https://elib.sfu-kras.ru/handle/2311/1691

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).